Monitoring abgs allows detection of deterioration in a patients condition and management of treatment. Interpret the results of various arterial blood gas samples. Lippincott nursingcenter nursing pocket card arterial. Doctors give unbiased, helpful information on indications, contraindications, benefits, and complications. He had a large bowel resection the previous day, has a background of type 2 diabetes, and is a current smoker. Confusion often begins with trying to remember many random rules and lacking a standardized approach to abgs. Identify normal arterial blood gas values and interpret the meaning of abnormal values. Interpreting an arterial blood gas abg is a crucial skill for physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other health care personnel. Abgs should never be interpreted alone in real clinical situations. Discuss how acidosis and alkalosis may be identified using abg results.
On examination his arterial blood pressure is 10465 mm hg, his heart rate 2 beatsmin and irregular, and his respiratory rate 22 breathsmin. This is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in plasma. This book provides readers with the core background knowledge required to understand the abg, explains how it is used in clinical practice and provides a unique system for interpreting results. Arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acidbase balance. This tictactoe technique involves a few charts to help you visualize abgs. Interpreting arterial blood gas values paco2 partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide hco3 bicarbonate increase level decreased level n normal level step 4. If the paco2 is greater than 45 mm hg,less carbon dioxide is being exhaled than. Arterial blood gases made easy pdf download free ebooks. Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for arterial blood gas interpretation duration.
It also has some applications in general practice, such as assessing the need for domiciliary oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This is a measure of the overall concentration of hydrogen ions. Interpretation of the arterial blood gas emergencypedia. This article provides the physiological basis for assessing abgs perioperatively and presents a systematic approach to blood gas analysis using the romanski method. Interpretation of arterial blood gases abgs david a. Pocket tutor understanding abgs and lung function tests. An abg can be used to assess respiratory compromise, status peri or postcardiopulmonary arrest, and medical conditions that cause metabolic abnormalities such as sepsis, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, toxic substance ingestion, drug overdose, trauma or burns. This will be the only video you will need to interpret your abgs. Test your knowledge on the webs most interactive blood gas learning tool. If it has moved from the normal value in the opposite direction of those circled, compensation is occurring. Interpreting an arterial blood gas abg is a crucial skill for physicians, nurses, respiratory. The extra co2 combines with water to form carbonic acid, causing a state of acidosis a common occurrence in emphysema respiratory alkalosis can occur as a result of hyperventilation metabolic acidosis is when there is a decrease in bicarbonates and a buildup of lactic acid occurs.
The ability to accurately assess abgs allows the perioperative nurse to assist. The usefulness of this diagnostic tool is dependent on being able to correctly interpret the results. Payroll authorization is required to download test. Pdf section of the equation will help form the basis for the remainder of this article. Your pt may need urgent oxygenation, and you dont want to wait around while you diddle around with interpreting the entire abg. The arterial blood gas abg measures the acidbase balance ph and oxygenation of an arterial blood sample. Blood gases in clinical practice download ebook pdf, epub. If it outside range, then it is uncompensated or partially compensated. Material protected by copyright introduction using laboratory values can be a key piece of assessment to determine what is occurring within the body of a patient. Arterial blood gas interpretation, abg analysis, rules for rapid abg.
Abg analysis now plays an indispensable role in the assessment and management of patients with a huge range of acute medical and surgical. Blood gases in clinical practice download ebook pdf. Interpreting blood gases, practical and easy approach 1. If you want to put your abg interpretation skills to the test, check out our abg quiz. Interpreting blood gases, practical and easy approach. In addition, four case studies are presented that give the reader the opportunity to analyze abgs within the context of surgical patient scenarios. An abg arterial blood gas is a specialized type of blood draw from an artery, so you need an experienced medical professional with trainingexperience. Even experienced practitioners have some trouble with the results of this very important test. The purpose of this course is to provide the learner with basic information on how to interpret arterial blood gas results.
It explains each component in turn followed by clinical examples to work through. Abg interpretation steps to abg interpretation step 1. Identify the relationship between oxygen saturation and pao2 as it relates to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. Knowledge about interpretation of abgs is consequently. The ability to accurately assess abgs allows the perioperative nurse to assist surgical team members in restoring a patients acid. Arterial blood gases made easy 2nd edition pdf free pdf. Ryan barnes, bsn, rn, pccncsc 2 comments arterial blood gases abgs are used to monitor patients on ventilators, monitor critically ill nonventilator patients, establish preoperative.
Arterial blood gas abg interpretation for medical students, osces and mrcp paces this section presents how to interpret arterial blood gases. The results of an abg test can be particularly helpful in any surgery in which large fluid shifts or blood loss are expected eg, bowel resection, whipple procedure, liver resection, thus providing information regarding the patients fluid status and metabolic state. The pf ratio ratio between the pao 2 and the inspired oxygen concentration expressed as a fraction is a useful guide to the presence and severity of impaired. Arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental skill in modern medicine yet one which many find difficult to grasp. Interpretation of arterial blood gases is a sample topic from the pocket icu management to view other topics, please sign in or purchase a subscription anesthesia central is an allinone web and mobile solution for treating patients before, during, and after surgery. Nurses must be able to analyse abgs, even at a superficial level, because changes in pao. Understanding arterial blood gases abgs nysna continuing education the new york state nurses association is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf abcs of abgs. Interpreting arterial blood gas values paco2 partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide hco3 bicarbonate increase level decreased level n normal level. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky. Arterial blood gas abg interpretation for medical students.
Abg interpretation free download as powerpoint presentation. You are watching an educational video about interpreting abgs. Then you can start reading kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer no kindle device required. First, acidbase balance is a measure of the bloods acidity using a ph scale. Ryan barnes, bsn, rn, pccncsc 2 comments arterial blood gases abgs are used to monitor patients on ventilators, monitor critically ill nonventilator patients, establish preoperative baseline parameters and regulate electrolyte therapy. Interpreting the information obtained from an abg result, combined with the patients history and our knowledge of normal pathophysiology as it applies to acidbase balance will help us to plan how to resolve the problem lippincott, 2012. Arterial blood gas abg interpretation is something many medical students find difficult to grasp weve been there. Interpretation of the arterial blood gas selflearning packet see swift for list of qualifying boards for continuing education hours. Handbook of blood gasacidbase interpretation springerlink. Dec 18, 2019 download arterial blood gases made easy pdf book free from arterial blood gases made easy pdf. In abg results, so 2 is derived from po2 using the oxygenhemoglobin dissociation curve. Download arterial blood gases made easy pdf book free from arterial blood gases made easy pdf. Click download or read online button to get blood gases in clinical practice book now. Arterial blood gas abg analysis is a crucial skill for perioperative nurses, in particular the rn circulator.
Health care industry health, general blood gas analysis physiological aspects usage blood gases analysis respiratory tract diseases care and treatment. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Blood gas interpretation can be useful in a wide variety of surgical procedures. Interpreting abgs practical approach muhammad asim rana bsc, mbbs, mrcp, sfccm, fccp, edic department of adult critical care medicine ksmc, riyadh 2. If the patient is unstable, manual ventilation with a bag mask is. Arterial blood gases made easy 2nd edition pdf free download preface. Dec 28, 2018 uncompensated and compensated partial or full arterial blood gas abg interpretation. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph download the free kindle app. Pdf blood gas analysis for bedside diagnosis researchgate. Patients are often required to be checked for arterial blood gas analysis to find what exactly is happening in the body of patients system.
Weve created this guide, which aims to provide a structured approach to abg interpretation whilst also increasing your understanding of each results relevance. Respiratory acidosis occurs when breathing is inadequate and paco 2 or respiratory acid builds up. Explain how the nurse can determine whether respiratory or metabolic factors are causing an imbalance. A guide to interpreting acidbase disorders article pdf available in hospital pharmacy 4310. The partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in plasma. Interpreting arterial blood gases successfully sciencedirect. Before you can interpret the result of an abg you must first classify the acidbase status. Interpreting arterial blood gases successfully larkin. In this guide, we will teach you the eight 8 steps on how to interpret and analyze arterial blood gas abg results using the tictactoe method.
The components of an abg analysis are pao 2, sao 2, hydrogen ion concentration ph, paco 2, hco 3. Purchase arterial blood gases made easy 2nd edition. Understanding arterial blood gases abgs nysna continuing. The most important points when assessing a patient are the history, examination and basic observations. W e often encounter patients who are critically sick and need monitoring more than vitals like bp and pulse rate.
Enter your mobile number or email address below and well send you a link to download the free kindle app. Interpretation of arterial blood gases requires a systematic assessment of oxygenation, ph, standard bicarbonate shco 3. Partially compensated vs fully compensated uncompensated abgs. Beyond that, however, blood gas interpretation can seem like a mystery to many health professionals. If the pa co2 is less than 35 mm hg,more carbon dioxide is being exhaled than normal. To provide the learner with knowledge specific to interpreting arterial blood gases abgs. Sep 27, 2015 interpreting arterial blood gases successfully. Arterial blood gases made easy 2nd edition pdf free download. Feb, 2014 interpreting blood gases, practical and easy approach 1. Following are the steps one should follow when reading the arterial blood gas and interpreting the values simultaneously. To see how to perform an arterial blood gas check out our guide here.
Interpretation of arterial blood gases pocket icu management. Jul 24, 2017 3 easy steps for interpreting abgs date. To check for compensatory, look at the result you didnt circle. The real value of an abg comes from its ability to provide a nearimmediate reflection of the physiology of your patient, allowing you to recognise and treat pathology more rapidly.
This video will demonstrate how to solve partially vs. Jan 16, 2019 8step guide to abg analysis tictactoe method. Arterial blood gas analysis is a common investigation in emergency departments and intensive care units for monitoring patients with acute respiratory failure. The interpretation of arterial blood gas results has been a challenging issue for respiratory therapy students as far back as i can remember. This lab is usually run immediately for accuracy, so it needs to be done on site where. The pao2 measures oxygenation, and normal ranges are 80100 mm hg. If the abg results are abnormal, determine if the abnormality is due to the kidneys metabolic. Using improper technique to draw the arterial blood sample drawing venous blood instead of arterial blood. However, the understanding of abgs and their interpretation can sometimes be. Pdf arterial blood gas is an important routine investigation to monitor the acidbase. So2 may be as low as 90% in healthy patients of advanced age. Then you can start reading kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer.
Woodruff, msn, rnbc, cns, cen nurses often have difficulty interpreting arterial blood gases abgs. Arterial blood gases provide 2 specific types of information. Interpret the oxygenation state of a patient using the reported arterial blood gas pao2 value. The patient is a chronic, copd patient in acute exacerbation due to a bout of pneumonia. Fio2 the percentage of inspired oxygen that you took the blood gas on. Titles in the pocket tutor series give practical guidance on subjects that medical students and foundation doctors need help with on the go, at a highly affordable price that puts them within reach of those rotating through modular courses or working on attachment.
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